New study challenges gene pyramiding

New research suggests that adding more disease-resistance genes to grapevines does not always improve protection against downy mildew, challenging a key assumption behind modern grape breeding programmes across Europe.

Researchers have found that stacking multiple resistance genes in a single vine does not necessarily protect against downy mildew, one of the most damaging diseases.

The findings, reported by VVQ – Vigne, Vini & Qualità, challenge the practice of 'gene pyramiding', where breeders combine several resistance traits to make it harder for pathogens to overcome plant defences.

Scientists discovered that some gene combinations work well together, while others add little extra protection. As a result, breeders may need to place greater emphasis on how resistance genes interact rather than simply increasing their number.

The study could influence future breeding programmes as Europe seeks to reduce pesticide use while maintaining vineyard productivity and wine quality.